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Tables from:


Moeller, A. C., Bigelow, C. A., Nemitz, J. R., and Hardebeck, G. 2008. Bentgrass cultivar and annual nitrogen regime affects seasonal shoot density. Online. Applied Turfgrass Science doi:10.1094/ATS-2008-0421-01-RS.

Table 1. Creeping bentgrass shoot density as influenced by cultivar and annual N level in 2006.

Cultivar Annual N regimex
(kg/ha/year )		 Shoot densityy (shoots/dm²)
28 June 27 July 24 Aug 13 Oct
A-4 112    1950 az    1550 ab    1400 b    1870 a
L-93 112    1620 b    1410 bc    1360 b    1680 b
Penncross 112    1290 cd      930 d      760 d    1330 c
A-4 196    2130 a    1590 a    1630 a    2030 a
L-93 196    1480 bc    1320 c    1340 b    1670 b
Penncross 196    1170 c    1020 d    1030 c    1400 c
Mean    1605 A    1304 B    1251 B    1664 A
Annual N regime
112 kg/ha/year    1620 a    1300 a    1170 b    1630 a
196 kg/ha/year    1590 a    1310 a    1330 a    1700 a
ANOVA
Cultivar (C) *** *** *** ***
N regime (N) NS NS ** NS
C × N NS NS * NS

 x Nitrogen applied in liquid and granular formulations throughout the growing season to emulate contemporary putting green fertilization practices.

 y Shoot density was determined by counting the number of shoots in two cores (2.84 cm²) taken from the center portion of each plot.

 z Means in the same column followed by the same lower case letter and means in the same row followed by the same upper case letter are not significantly different according to Fisher’s protected LSD t-test (P = 0.05).

*, **, ***, and NS = significant at the 0.05, 0.01, 0.001, and non-significant respectively.

Table 2. Creeping bentgrass shoot density as influenced by cultivar and annual nitrogen (N) level, 2007.

Cultivar Annual
N regimex
(kg/ha/year)		 Shoot densityy (shoots/dm²)
22 May 19 June 23 July 22 Aug 25 Sep 21 Oct
A-4 112  2030 az 1920 a 1760 a 1580 b 1940 a 1940 b
L-93 112 1830 b 1590 b 1500 b 1230 c 1490 b 1560 d
Penncross 112 1470 c 1260 c 1190 c   850 d 1160 c 1360 e
A-4 196 2020 a 1970 a 1830 a 1730 a 1990 a 2160 a
L-93 196 1780 b 1650 b 1480 b 1290 c 1540 b 1700 c
Penncross 196 1450 c 1320 c 1210 c   890 d 1040 d 1430 e
Mean 1763 A 1618 C 1496 D 1262 E 1524 D 1689 B
Annual N regime
112 kg/ha/year 1780 a 1590 a 1480 a 1220 b 1530 a 1620 b
196 kg/ha/year 1750 a 1640 a 1510 a 1310 a 1520 a 1760 a
ANOVA
Cultivar (C) *** *** *** *** *** ***
N regime (N) NS NS NS ** NS ***
C × N NS NS NS NS NS NS

 x Nitrogen applied in liquid and granular formulations throughout the growing season to emulate contemporary putting green fertilization practices.

 y Shoot density was determined by counting the number of shoots in two cores (2.84 cm²) taken from the center portion of each plot.

 z Means in the same column followed by the same lower case letter and means in the same row followed by the same upper case letter are not significantly different according to Fisher’s protected LSD t-test (P = 0.05).

**, ***, and NS = significant at the 0.01, 0.001, and non-significant respectively.

Table 3. Creeping bentgrass visual quality as influenced by cultivar and annual nitrogen (N) level, 2006 and 2007.

Cultivar Annualy
N regime
(kg/ha/year)		 Turf quality, visual rating (0-10 scale)x
2006 2007 Study
mean
 May-
Jun		  Jul-
Aug		  Sep-
Oct		 Mean  May-
Jun		 Jul-
Aug		  Sep-
Oct		 Mean
A-4 112 7.2 cz 7.8 b 8.4 c 7.7 c 8.3 bc 8.3 b 8.3 b 8.3 b 8.0 c
L-93 112 8.9 ab 8.2 b 8.9 ab 8.5 b 8.8 a 7.9 bc 7.9 c 8.3 b 8.4 b
Penncross 112 7.8 c 6.5 c 8.7 bc 7.5 c 7.9 c 6.9 d 7.1 d 7.4 d 7.4 d
A-4 196 7.1 c 8.7 a 8.6 c 8.3 b 8.9 a 9.3 a 8.6 a 9.0 a 8.6 ab
L-93 196 9.3 a 8.8 a 9.1 a 9.0 a 9.0 a 8.3 b 8.0 bc 8.5 b 8.7 a
Penncross 196 8.4 b 8.2 b 8.9 ab 8.4 b 8.4 b 7.5 c 7.5 d 7.8 d 8.1 c
Mean 8.2 BC 8.0 C 8.8 A   8.6 A 8.0 C 7.9 C 8.2 B  
Annual N regime
112 kg/ha /year 8.0 b 7.5 b 8.7 b 7.9 b 8.3 b 7.7 b 7.6 b 8.0 b 7.9 b
196 kg/ha /year 8.5 a 8.6 a 8.9 a 8.6 a 8.8 a 8.3 a 8.1 a 8.4 a 8.5 a
ANOVA
Cultivar (C) *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** ***
N regime (N) ** *** * *** *** *** ** *** ***
C × N NS * NS NS NS NS NS NS NS

 x Turfgrass quality was visually rated on a 0-10 scale where 0 = brown, dead turf, 10 = optimum greenness and uniformity ≥ 7 acceptable.

 y Nitrogen applied in liquid and granular formulations throughout the growing season to emulate contemporary putting green fertilization practices.

 z Means in the same column followed by the same lower case letter and means in the same row followed by the same upper case letter are not significantly different according to Fisher’s protected LSD t-test (P = 0.05).

*, **, ***, and NS refer to significant at the 0.05, 0.01, 0.001, and non-significant respectively.

Table 4. Creeping bentgrass surface hardness as influenced by cultivar and annual N levels, 2007.

Cultivar Annual N
regimew
(kg/ha/year)		 Surface hardnessx (gmax) Ball roll
distancey
(cm)
24 May 21 June 23 July 22 Aug 27 Sept 25 Oct 13 Sept
A-4 112    134 bcz   137 a  136 abc 141 a  151 bc 152 a    163 a
L-93 112    131 bcd   129 bc  131 cd 137 a  141 c 150 a    155 ab
Penncross 112    145 a   139 a  142 a 142 a  167 a 156 a    157 ab
A-4 196    127 d   125 c  125 d 136 a  147 bc 150 a    147 bc
L-93 196    131 cd   127 c  133 bcd 136 a  159 ab 152 a    141 c
Penncross 196    137 b   135 ab  139 ab 140 a  157 abc 151 a    146 bc
Mean    134 C   132 C  134 C 139 B  154 A 152 A  
Annual N regime
112 kg/ha/year    137 a   135 a  136 a 140 a  153 a 152 a    158 a
196 kg/ha/year    132 b   129 b  132 a 137 a  155 a 152 a    145 b
ANOVA
Cultivar *** ** ** NS * NS NS
N regime * ** NS NS NS NS **
Cultivar × N regime NS * NS NS NS NS NS

 w Nitrogen applied in liquid and granular formulations throughout the growing season to emulate contemporary putting green fertilization practices.

 x Surface hardness values are the means of two measurements from each plot determined using a Clegg Impact Soil Tester (0.5-kg hammer).

 y Ball roll distance measured using a modified stimpmeter with the ball release notch half (38 cm) the distance compared to the conventional stimpmeter.

 z Means in the same column followed by the same lower case letter and means in the same row followed by the same upper case letter are not significantly different according to Fisher’s protected LSD t-test (P = 0.05).

*, **, ***, and NS refer to significant at the 0.05, 0.01, 0.001, and non-significant respectively.




© 2008 Plant Management Network.